Surge test and impulse withstand voltage test work principle introduce and both test difference

The safety of electronic devices is the most important part of the various elements that determine their quality. The safety parameters include the following parameters: AC/DC high voltage. DC high insulation resistance (or insulation resistance), grounding resistance, leakage current, pulse high voltage, pulse large current, etc. Since IEC65 Announcement《Safety requirements for mains operated electronic and related apparatus for household and similar general use》was first promulgated in 1952 and revised seven times by five editions and seven times, two major systems of IEC safety standards and AMERICAN UL safety standards have been formed worldwide.

According to the EMC Directive 2004/108/EC, Household Radio and Television Receivers, Mobile Radio Equipment, Medical and Scientific Equipment, Household Appliances and Household Electronic Equipment, Teaching Electronic Equipment, Radio Broadcasting and Television Transmission Equipment, Industrial Manufacturing Equipment, Mobile Radiocommunication and Commercial Radio Telephony Equipment, Information Technology Equipment, Aviation and Navigation Radio Equipment, Communication Network Equipment and Instruments, General lamps and fluorescent lamps and other electronic and electrical products need to do surge immunity test and withstand voltage test.

Lighting surge test is a surge (impact) immunity test, simulating the pulse interference caused by lightning coupling simulation due to lightning coupling, or high-power equipment start-stop, power supply failure, etc., testing the ability of the product’s power protection device to absorb surge pulses, or high-power equipment start-stop, power supply failure, etc. The pulse interference generated by the power supply protection device, testing the ability of the product’s power protection device to absorb surge pulses.

How the Surge Generator Works:

The generation of switching transients is related to the following factors: switching of the main power supply system, slight switching action or load changes in the vicinity of the instrument within the distribution system, resonant circuits related to the switching device, and various system failures, such as short circuits and arc faults in the grounding system of the equipment.

The surge voltage generated by lightning comes from several aspects:

1. Direct lightning strike acts on the external circuit, and the injected large current flows through the grounding resistor or the external circuit impedance to generate a voltage
2. Indirect lightning strikes that generate induced voltage and current on the inner and outer conductors of the building.
3. The lightning in-ground current that is directly discharged near the ground is coupled to the common ground loop of the equipment grounding system. When the protective device is in motion, the voltage and current may change rapidly and may be coupled to the internal circuitry.

Withstanding Voltage Test, also known as Hipot Test or Dielectric Test, may be familiar with and used in product process safety testing. It is actually referenced in every security standard, which shows its importance.

Withstand voltage test is a non-destructive test, which is used to detect whether the insulation ability of a product is qualified under the transient high voltage that often occurs. It applies high pressure to the device being tested within a fixed time to ensure that the insulation performance of the device is strong enough. Another reason for this test is that it can also detect some defects in the instrument, such as insufficient creepage distance and insufficient clearance during the manufacturing process.

The withstand voltage tester is mainly composed of the AC/DC high voltage power supply, timing controller, detection circuit, indication circuit, and the alarm circuit. And how it works:

The leakage current generated by the instrument under test in the test high voltage output of the withstand voltage tester is compared with the preset judgment current, if the leakage current detected is less than the preset value, the instrument passes the test, when the leakage current detected is greater than the judgment current, the test voltage is instantly cut off and an audible and optical alarm is issued, so as to determine the withstand voltage strength of the measured part. When conducting the withstand voltage test, the technical specifications of the tested products are different, and the measurement standards are different. For the general equipment to be measured, the withstand voltage test is to measure the leakage current value between the fire wire and the chassis, and the basic provisions are: to double the working voltage of the measured object plus 1000V as the standard voltage of the test. Some products may test voltages higher than this specified value. According to the provisions of IEC61010, the test voltage must gradually rise to the required test voltage value within 5s (such as 5kV, etc.), to ensure that the test voltage value is stably added to the insulator under test for not less than 5s, at this time, the leakage current value of the measured circuit is compared with the leakage current threshold specified in the standard, and it can be judged whether the insulation performance of the tested product meets the standard. After the test is completed, the test voltage must be gradually reduced to zero within the specified time.

There are two differences between the lightning surge test and the pulse withstand voltage test

1. The purpose of the inspection is different: the withstand voltage is to examine the insulation of the medium material (seconds, minutes or longer). Surge is the ability to examine transient surge shocks in a circuit (microsecond or millisecond).
2. The voltage application method is different: the surge common mode is applied between the two points of the pilot and the ground, and the withstand voltage is based on the standard requirements and the purpose of inspection and a variety of application methods.

In summary, LISUN GROUP launched the main type of test equipment, SUG255 Impulse Voltage Generators, SG61000-5 Surge Generator, taking these two models as an example, and the specific differences are as follows:

Impulse Voltage Generators | Impulse Generators | Impulse Withstand Voltage Tester |High Voltage Surge Generator is according to IEC255-5,GB-14711 , GB/T-14598.3, IS-13252-1, IEC60060, IEC60065, GB14711, GBT17215.301 and GBT17215.322. The insulation performance test is suitable for all kinds of electrical and electronic products (such as energy meter, household appliances, low voltage electrical appliances and small power motor).

SUG255 Impulse voltage Generators meets the IEC255-5, GB14711 standard, the output voltage waveform is 1.2/50μs, the output voltage range is generally 12KV, some customers will need to test to 20KV. No current testing.

The SG61000-5 Surge Generator is a test project of EMS, can do voltage surge test and current surge test. The voltage output waveform is 1.2/50μs and the current output waveform is 8/20μs. There are several options for output voltage ranges, from 0 to 4.8KV to 0 to 20KV or even larger. When doing surge test, due to the large voltage and current, it will interfere with the surrounding power grid, this test generally recommends an isolation transformer to protect the surrounding power grid from interference when doing surge testing.

Some customers will also ask whether they can use the SUG255 pressure test equipment to do lightning surge testing. In fact, it is not recommended to do this, because the lightning surge test requires a current surge test, that is, even if the SUG255 Impulse voltage Generators is used to test, it is not guaranteed that the product can pass the surge test of the same voltage. It is recommended to select the equipment strictly according to the requirements of the standard.

Lisun Instruments Limited was found by LISUN GROUP in 2003. LISUN quality system has been strictly certified by ISO9001:2015. As a CIE Membership, LISUN products are designed based on CIE, IEC and other international or national standards. All products passed CE certificate and authenticated by the third party lab.

Our main products are Goniophotometer, Integrating Sphere, Spectroradiometer, Surge Generator, ESD Simulator Guns, EMI Receiver, EMC Test Equipment, Electrical Safety Tester, Environmental Chamber, Temperature Chamber, Climate Chamber, Thermal Chamber, Salt Spray Test, Dust Test Chamber, Waterproof Test, RoHS Test (EDXRF), Glow Wire Test and Needle Flame Test.

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Tags：SG61000-5 , SUG255