Abstract In the safety design of electrical and electronic products, preventing the ignition of surrounding materials due to overheating of internal heating elements (such as resistance wires, motor windings) is a crucial issue. The Hot Wire Ignition (HWI) test, as a standardized method simulating such overheating fault scenarios, provides key data for evaluating the resistance to ignition of soli...
The surge tester manufacturers are in a highly controlled technical arena that the equipment meets various international standards related to EMC at the same time. IEC standards including IEC 61000-4-5 with regional variations cited by EN standards in Europe GB standards in China and ANSI/ IEEE practices in North America are the main standards outlining global surge immunity requirements. They are...
Abstract In the research, development, and certification of modern electronic equipment, Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) is a critical metric for assessing quality and reliability. A core testing environment—the “anechoic chamber”—is fundamental for achieving precise EMC measurements. This article aims to provide an in-depth answer to the professional question: “What is a...
Goniophotometer testing is the most prevailing way of attaining total three dimensional photometric characterization of luminaires and light source. In contrast to the simplified measurements which only report the total luminous flux or average illuminance, this method has the advantage to measure the light distribution in space at all relevant angles. In the case of the modern lighting system wit...
Abstract In the design and manufacturing of modern electrical and electronic products, automotive components, and outdoor lighting equipment, the waterproof performance of product enclosures is a key indicator for assessing their environmental adaptability and long-term reliability. The IP (Ingress Protection) ratings defined by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) standard IEC 605...
Environmental chamber lacks being just hot or cold. Qualification of current products involves concomitancy and simultaneous regulation of airflow temperature and humidity plus in certain cases electrical biasing of vibration or altitude to reproduce complex service conditions. Multi-parameter stress testing of the environment enables the engineer to discover the effects of interaction which is no...
Abstract In the design and manufacturing of modern electrical and electronic products, the enclosure protection rating is a core indicator for assessing their reliability, safety, and environmental adaptability. Specifically, IEC 60529 Waterproof Testing: The Role of IPX1 and IPX2 Drip Boxes is to provide a standardized, repeatable verification method for a product’s ability to resist drippi...
EMC conducted emissions testing is one of the starting activities in the contemporary compliance and product development laboratories. It measures unwanted radio frequency energy that travels on line of power and signal instead of traveling through free space. Practically, EMI test of conducted phenomena involves identifying whether a device emits a back injection into the mains or other linked ca...
Abstract Damped oscillatory magnetic fields are a typical transient electromagnetic interference triggered by switching operations or fault events in power systems. In the laboratory, precise simulation of this interference using professional Magnetic Field Generators is crucial for evaluating the electromagnetic compatibility of electronic devices. This article delves into the technical principle...
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