Thermal stress analysis is an important tool in establishing the behavior of materials, electronics, and mechanical assemblies at excessive temperatures. The temperature test chamber will be set in such a way that controlled heating and cooling cycles are applied to the chamber which simulate harsh operating conditions during actual operation. These systems are nowadays used as a laboratory-specif...
Abstract X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy is a highly efficient, non-destructive elemental analysis technique widely used in material identification, quality control, and resource exploration. While traditional benchtop x-ray fluorescence machines offer exceptional accuracy, their fixed laboratory nature struggles to meet the demands for rapid on-site testing. Advances in detector technology, micro...
One of the most unpredictable failures in the modern electronics is the electrostatic discharge. The smaller, faster and denser the device, the lower the components capability of surviving high-voltage pulses. This ensures ESD testing is an important process in the product validation process particularly when the consumer requirement entails reliability in various settings. Economic factors like a...
Electromagnetic compatibility has turned out to be a prerequisite in all industries that use electronics. The higher the digital complexity of products, which are increasingly smaller in size, the larger the risk of undesired interference. With communication modules and LED drivers to power supplies and industrial controllers, any device creating electrical switching can potentially cause noise on...
Safety inspection of electrical and electronic products in regard to fire safety is a prerequisite in the world-wide industries. As devices get smaller and denser and thermally, internal components are closer to their material constraints, and the probability of ignition in the event of electrical fault goes up. The glow wire test was created in order to mimic realistic fire-initiating scenarios a...
Corrosion testing will enable industries to know the behaviour of the materials when exposed to unfavourable conditions taken in the long term. The high stability, depth of constant density of the fog, and sound environmental control are important in long-duration tests, i.e. 240-hour or 500-hour and even 1000-hour test cycles. Salts spray cabinet serves as a key feature in this, since it enables ...
The modern power distribution networks have been based on the use of protective devices that do not fail when responding to sudden changes in electricity. The origin of these transients can be lightning, switching of loads with high inductance, grid noise, capacitor bank energization or equipment faults. Surge protecting elements, insulation systems, arrestors, breakers in a distribution, and rela...
Devices that are electronic, industrial, car, battery-powered, and field-mounted often work in dusty environments. Small yet at first sight harmless, dust particles will eventually destroy insulation, mechanics, and surfaces of interfaces. After getting into an enclosure, dust is not passive and it can change over time, changing electrical behaviour, surface friction, airflow, and heat dissipation...
The current LED lighting systems no longer have bare power and brightness values in printed packets or packaging. End users require real-life lighting behaviour, i.e. what is the width of the beam, how evenly illuminated an object is, and at what currents will the light remain constant. These values are a subject of laboratory measurements done with a specialized device called a goniophotometer, w...
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