A Comparative Study of Lightning Surge Generator and Surge Generator

Lightning surge damage to electronic/power equipment has been a topic of concern around the world. In this regard, many electronics engineers have developed various lightning surge generator for protecting electronic/power equipment. Among them, DC (DC) and AC (AC) protection modules are commonly used, and the DC protectors are mainly applied in signal systems while the AC protectors are mainly used in power systems. Due to the extremely complex and unstable electromagnetic environment, it is necessary to install protection modules scientifically and reasonably in order to protect the equipment from overvoltage damage, and the grounding system is also an important component of the protective device’s capability to resist overvoltage.

In order to protect electronic/power equipment from lightning surge damage, it is essential to develop appropriate lightning surge protective devices. The role of these lightning surge protective devices is to divert the current from the power system when there is a current surge so as to protect the electronic/power equipment. Lightning surge generator usually have two main components, one part is the power system protection device, which mainly fights against induced lightning; the other part is the signal system protection device, which mainly fights against induction lightning and overvoltage surge.

In order to effectively install lightning surge generator, we must have a comprehensive understanding of the performance characteristics of the internal system and the propagation mode of lightning waves, so as to ensure the adoption of reasonable lightning protection measures. Different systems do not require the same lightning protection measures, but should be based on the specific system to determine the appropriate lightning protection scheme. In addition to lightning surge protection devices, the grounding system of the protected device is also very important. Only an excellent grounding system can better protect the equipment from lightning damage. When the surge voltage invades the electronic equipment, we can effectively protect the equipment from lightning damage by using the lightning surge protection device to form an effective lightning protection framework.

Signal system is the main foundation of today’s electronic information technology, its development is inseparable from the protection of lightning surge generator. Lightning surge is a dangerous hazard caused by military or natural attacks on electronic components and systems, one of the main damage signs is the failure, malfunction and even burning of power grids and the home appliances and office equipment supplied. Therefore, effective precautions against lightning surge should be taken to ensure the accuracy and transmission rate of signal transmission.

Power surge is a common fatal hazard, which may occur on low-voltage power distribution lines such as households, restaurants, apartments, etc., mainly originating from lightning strikes, short circuit faults or loading large loads. Due to the influence of the earth’s electromagnetic energy, it may affect computers hundreds of kilometers away from you. When lightning surge propagates through the power grid and eventually reaches the surrounding electronic equipment, there may be thousands of volts of damage, even if it is not enough to directly burn the equipment, but it may still accumulate damage to electronic components, eventually leading to data loss and computer instability.

According to the measurement of the American GE company, in one year and two months, the number of surge voltages exceeding twice the original working voltage in the family can reach more than 800 times. Therefore, in order to avoid damage to the equipment, good power surge protection measures should be adopted, such as adding a large through-flow ceramic gas discharge tube, which has good insulation performance, high insulation resistance and low capacitance characteristics. Only by purchasing high-quality power surge protection equipment can we effectively reduce the damage caused by power surge and ensure the safety of electronic equipment and data. When the signal system is affected by lightning, electromagnetic interference, radio interference and static interference, bit error is caused, which affects the accuracy and transmission rate of data transmission. At this time, an effective method of surge generator should be adopted.

Signal lightning surge protection circuit design is necessary for signal transmission system when it is attacked by lightning. Various transmission circuits such as double line transmission line, ordinary multi-core cable, twisted wire multi-core cable and coaxial cable can be used. These circuits are mainly divided into three modes: double-line non-grounding, double-line grounding and multi-line grounding.

The non-grounded transmission circuit has only two lines, one of which passes through the signal component and the other to the ground reference. The common protection method is to install surge protectors at both ends of the transmission line to divert the lightning surge current without affecting the signal transmission. When the lightning surge current is large, a low-inductance isolation transformer can be inserted between the two surge protectors to ensure safety.

The grounded transmission circuit adds a so-called lightning surge generator lead wire to connect to the ground of all ordinary cables in addition to two signal transmission lines, in order to prevent spark impact, circuit breakers, relays and other devices. In addition, isolation valves can also be installed.

According to the different sizes of lightning surges that may be encountered, two-stage or single-stage signal surge generator circuits can be used. In the case of large lightning surge currents, the best solution is to install two surge protectors at both ends of the transmission line, and then insert a low-inductance isolation transformer in the middle position to effectively resist lightning surges. In addition, grounding bars should be installed at the grounding points of the circuit to ensure their lightning protection capability, and also to increase the discharge resistance to effectively extend the signal transmission.

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