Exploring the Benefits of Earthing through Socket-Outlets: A Unique Perspective

11 Provision for earthing
11.1 General
Accessories with earthing contacts shall be so constructed that when inserting the plug the earth connection is made before the current-carrying contacts of the plug become live.
When withdrawing the plug, the current-carrying pins shall separate before the earth connection is broken. Socket-outlets are tested using a test plug having the dimensions of the corresponding standard
sheets.
When inserting the test plug, the earth contact of the plug shall make connection with the earth contact of the socket-outlet before the current-carrying contacts of the plug become live.
When withdrawing the test plug, the current-carrying The insertion and withdrawal of the test plug shall be in a direction perpendicular to the engagement face of the socket-outlet. An electrical indicator supplied with a voltage between 40 Vand 50 V is used to check that the earth contact makes first and breaks last.

11.2 Earthing terminals
Earthing terminals of rewirable accessories shall comply with the appropriate requirements of Clause 12.
Earthing terminals of rewirable accessories shall be of the same size as the corresponding terminals for the supply conductors.
Earthing terminals of rewirable accessories with earthing contact shall be internal. Fixed socket-outlets can have an additional external earthing terminal.
Earthing terminals of fixed socket-outlets shall be fixed to the base or to a part reliably fixed to the base.
Earthing contacts of fixed socket-outlets shall be fixed to the base or to the cover, but, if fixed to the cover, they shall be automatically and reliably connected to the earthing terminal when the cover is put in place, the contact pieces being silver-plated or having a protection no less resislant to corrosion and abrasion.

This connection shall be ensured under all conditions which may occur in normal use, including loosening of cover-fixing screws, careless mounting of the cover, etc.
Except as mentioned above, parts of the earthing circuit shall be in one piece or shall be reliably connected together by riveting, welding. or the like.

NOTE 1 The requirement regarding the connection between an earthing contact fixed to a cover and an earthing terminal can be met by the use of a solid pin and a resilient socket-contact.

NOTE 2 For the purpose of the requirements of this Subclause 11.2, screws are not considered as parts of contact pieces.

NOTE 3 When considering the reliability of the connection between parts of the earthing circuit, the effect of possible corrosion is taken into account.

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