Application and Performance Analysis of Ring Wave Generator in EMC Testing

Abstract:
Ring wave interference is a common transient electromagnetic interference in the operation of power systems and electrical & electronic equipment. It is mainly caused by high-voltage switching operations, transformer winding oscillations and other scenarios, which may easily lead to equipment insulation damage and circuit failures. As a core testing instrument for simulating such interference, the ring wave generator can evaluate the anti-interference ability of equipment under standardized tests, which is critical to ensuring the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) performance of products. Taking LISUN RWG61000-12 series ring wave generator as the research object, this paper expounds the core functions and working principles of the ring wave generator, analyzes its technical parameters and multi-field application scenarios, and explains its important value in equipment immunity testing based on relevant national and international standards, so as to provide a reference for EMC compliance testing of electrical and electronic equipment.

1. Core Functions and Design Principle of the Ring Wave Generator

The core function of the ring wave generator is to simulate the ring wave interference encountered by electrical and electronic equipment in actual working conditions, and reproduce the damped oscillatory pulses generated by high-voltage switching operations, transient oscillations of transformer windings, power system short-circuit faults and other scenarios. By applying standardized ring wave signals to the equipment under test (EUT), it evaluates the equipment’s immunity to such interference, accurately locates insulation weaknesses and circuit anti-interference defects, and ultimately ensures the stable operation of equipment in complex power electromagnetic environments.

Ring wave is an attenuated oscillatory transient pulse characterized by fast rise time + high-frequency oscillation + gradual attenuation, with energy concentrated in the low-frequency band of 10 kHz ~ 1 MHz. It is easy to be conducted into equipment through power lines and signal lines, causing interference or even damage to precision circuits. The ring wave generator generates standard-compliant ring wave signals through the cooperation of an internal oscillator, a power amplifier module, and a coupling/decoupling network (CDN). The oscillator generates the basic damped oscillation waveform, the power amplifier module adjusts the amplitude of voltage and current, and the CDN ensures that the interference signal is effectively applied to the EUT while avoiding mutual interference between the test system and the power grid.

The LISUN RWG61000-12 series ring wave generator is upgraded with a large Android touch screen supporting both Chinese and English, enabling visual parameter setting and real-time monitoring of the testing process. Its output ring wave signals strictly comply with standards such as GB/T 17626.12-2023 and IEC 61000-4-12:2017. The rise time of the open-circuit voltage wave reaches 0.5 μs, and the oscillation frequency is stable at 100 kHz±10%, which can accurately restore the characteristics of ring wave interference in actual scenarios.

2. Key Technical Parameters of LISUN RWG61000-12 Series Ring Wave Generator

The LISUN RWG61000-12 series ring wave generator includes four models: RWG61000-12, 12T, 12A and 12AT. Differentiated technical parameters are designed for different testing scenarios, and the core output performance and configuration meet the diversified testing needs of single-phase and three-phase equipment. Its key technical parameters are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 Core Technical Parameters of LISUN RWG61000-12 Series Ring Wave Generator

Technical Item	RWG61000-12/12A	RWG61000-12T/12AT	Common Parameters
Max. Output Voltage	4 kV	6 kV	Polarity: positive, negative, positive/negative alternating; Phase angle: async/sync 0°~360°; Output impedance: 12 Ω, 30 Ω; Power supply: AC220V (110V optional) ±10%, 50/60Hz; Waveform: open-circuit voltage rise time 0.5 μs, short-circuit current rise time 0.2 μs~1 μs, oscillation frequency 100 kHz±10%
Max. Output Current	333 A±10% at 12 Ω 133 A±10% at 30 Ω	500 A±10% at 12 Ω 200 A±10% at 30 Ω
Coupling/Decoupling Network	16A single-phase CDN	20A three-phase/5-wire CDN
Gross Weight	28 kg / 45 kg	46 kg / 48 kg

It can be seen from the parameters that the output voltage of this series of ring wave generator covers 4 kV~6 kV, and the maximum current can reach 500 A, which can simulate ring wave interference of different severity levels. The configuration of single-phase and three-phase CDN enables it to be applied to the testing of household appliances, small electronic equipment, industrial control, power systems and other three-phase equipment respectively, with strong adaptability. At the same time, its synchronous phase angle adjustment function can apply interference at any phase point from 0° to 360°, accurately simulating ring wave interference at different phases in the AC power grid, and improving the authenticity and comprehensiveness of the test.

3. Multi-field Application Scenarios of the Ring Wave Generator

As a core instrument for EMC compliance testing, the ring wave generator is widely used in lighting, medical, power, industrial control, new energy and other fields by virtue of its accurate interference simulation capability. According to the operation characteristics of equipment in different fields, targeted ring wave immunity tests are carried out. Taking LISUN RWG61000-12 series as an example, its typical application scenarios are analyzed below.

3.1 Industrial Control and Power Equipment

Industrial control equipment (PLC, inverters, servo drives, etc.) and power terminal equipment (distribution boxes, electric energy meters, relay protection devices, etc.) are core components of the power system, and their operational stability is directly related to production line and power grid safety. The ring wave generator applies ring wave interference to the equipment power lines through the built-in CDN, simulating scenarios such as high-voltage motor start-stop, transformer switching, and power system faults in workshops, verifying whether the equipment has problems such as control command delay, data transmission errors, and malfunctions. For example, when testing relay protection devices with the RWG61000-12A model, it can simulate high-amplitude ring waves caused by short circuits in the power system, evaluate the insulation performance and circuit anti-interference ability of the equipment, and avoid device tripping or burning due to interference.

3.2 New Energy and Automotive Electronics

The EMC performance of new energy charging piles and automotive electronic components (BMS, OBC, car navigation, etc.) directly affects the charging safety and driving safety of new energy vehicles. The ring wave generator applies ring wave interference to the power input port and CAN communication port of charging piles through injection clamp coupling, simulating interference caused by grid fluctuations and internal switching operations of charging piles, verifying whether charging interruption or communication failure occurs. For automotive electronic components, it can simulate ring wave interference generated by generators and high-voltage distribution boxes in the automotive power supply system, ensuring that the components do not have functional disorders during driving and ensuring driving safety.

3.3 Medical Electronics

Medical equipment (monitors, ultrasonic diagnostic equipment, infusion pumps, etc.) is highly sensitive to electromagnetic interference. Ring wave interference may easily lead to data acquisition deviation and function false triggering, seriously threatening the safety of diagnosis and treatment. The ring wave generator tests the power lines and signal connection lines of medical equipment according to EMC standards such as GJB 151B-2013 and GB/T 17626.12-2023, simulating ring wave interference generated by large equipment such as CT and MRI in the hospital power grid, ensuring that medical equipment maintains accurate and stable operation in complex electromagnetic environments.

3.4 Consumer Electronics and Household Appliances

High-power household appliances such as refrigerators, air conditioners and microwave ovens, as well as digital accessories such as mobile phone chargers and laptop power adapters, are easily affected by ring wave interference caused by air conditioner start-stop and refrigerator compressor switching in the household power grid, leading to equipment crash, reduced charging efficiency or even damage. The ring wave generator tests the power ports of household appliances and digital accessories through a 16A single-phase CDN, evaluates their immunity to low-amplitude ring waves, helps enterprises optimize product circuit design, and improves user experience.

4. Important Value of the Ring Wave Generator in EMC Testing

In the R&D, production and certification of electrical and electronic equipment, the standardized test of the ring wave generator has irreplaceable value. Firstly, from the perspective of product design, the ring wave generator can detect insulation weaknesses and circuit anti-interference defects in advance, providing a data basis for enterprises to optimize circuit protection design (such as adding varistors, gas discharge tubes and other transient suppression components) and improve grounding methods, so as to improve the electromagnetic immunity of equipment from the source. Secondly, from the perspective of industry access, the ring wave immunity test is one of the core items of EMC certification. Test results complying with standards such as GB/T 17626.12-2023 and IEC 61000-4-12:2017 are necessary conditions for equipment to enter the market. Finally, from the perspective of actual operation, equipment tested by the ring wave generator can effectively resist ring wave interference in the actual power environment, reduce the equipment failure rate, ensure the stable operation of the power system and electronic equipment, and reduce economic losses caused by equipment failures.

As a testing instrument complying with international and national standards, LISUN RWG61000-12 series ring wave generator has become the preferred tool for EMC testing in various industries by virtue of its high-precision waveform output, diversified model configuration and convenient operation interface. More than 10 years of application experience in the market has also verified the stability and reliability of the equipment.

5. Conclusion

With the intelligent and integrated development of electrical and electronic equipment, the power electromagnetic environment is becoming increasingly complex, and the impact of ring wave interference on equipment operation is becoming more and more significant. As a core tool for simulating such interference and evaluating equipment immunity, the application scope of the ring wave generator in EMC testing will continue to expand. LISUN RWG61000-12 series ring wave generator has achieved a comprehensive evaluation of the immunity of the equipment under test through accurate damped oscillatory pulse simulation, standardized testing process and multi-field adaptability, providing a reliable guarantee for the EMC compliance of equipment.

In the future, with the continuous upgrading of power system and electronic equipment technology, the ring wave generator will develop towards higher precision, intelligence and integration, such as realizing remote transmission and analysis of test data combined with IoT technology, and adapting to equipment testing with higher voltage levels. At the same time, the continuous updating of relevant national and international standards will also promote the technological upgrading of the ring wave generator, enabling it to better meet the higher requirements of various industries for the EMC performance of equipment, and escort the stable and safe operation of electrical and electronic equipment.

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