EMC RF Power Amplifier

1. Basic Understanding of Equipment

1.1 Scope Of Application

The LS-PA series of EMC RF Power Amplifiers serve as the core power drive devices in electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) test systems. Featuring a linear amplifier circuit design, they provide high-fidelity, low-distortion amplification of input RF signals, delivering stable, clean, and controllable high-power RF output signals. The equipment features excellent gain flatness, low harmonics, and low spurious emissions, enabling it to accurately simulate various electromagnetic interference environments and fully comply with mainstream electromagnetic compatibility testing standards such as GB, IEC, and ISO.

This product series is primarily used for EMC immunity testing, including radiated immunity (RS), conducted immunity (CS), and BCI high-current injection. It is suitable for pre-compliance testing by manufacturers and certification testing by third-party laboratories. Widely used in the consumer electronics, industrial equipment, automotive electronics, medical, telecommunications, and defense sectors, it is a key piece of equipment for product EMC compliance testing.

1.2 Applicable Standards

Standard Number	Standard Title
GB/T 17626.3-2023	Electromagnetic Compatibility—Testing and Measurement Techniques—Radio Frequency Electromagnetic Field Radiation Immunity Testing
GB/T 17626.6-2017	Electromagnetic Compatibility—Testing and Measurement Techniques—Immunity Tests for Radio-Frequency Field-Induced Conducted Disturbances
IEC 61000-4-3:2020	Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-3: Testing and Measurement Techniques – Radiated Radio-Frequency Electromagnetic Field Immunity Test
IEC 61000-4-6:2017	Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-6: Testing and Measurement Techniques – Immunity to Conducted Disturbances Induced by Radio-Frequency Fields
ISO 11452-4:2020	Road Vehicles—Test Methods for Electrical Disturbances Caused by Narrowband Radiated Electromagnetic Energy—Part 4: Bulk Current Injection (BCI) Method

1.3 Key Parameters

LISUN Model	LS-PA150K230M-80W	LS-PA100K400M-200W	LS-PA80M1G-300W	LS-PA1G6G-100W	LS-PA6G18G-100W
Operating Frequency	150 kHz–230 MHz	100 kHz–400 MHz	80 MHz–1000 MHz	1 GHz–6 GHz	6 GHz–18 GHz
Rated Output Power	80W	200W	300W (optional: 500W, 1000W)	100W (optional: 200W, 400W)	100W (optional: 200W)
Power @ P1dB	50 W (minimum)	150 W (minimum)	250 W (minimum)	80 W (minimum)	/
Power Gain	49 dB	53 dB	55 dB	53 dB	53 dB
Gain Flatness	±3 dB	±3.5 dB	±4.5 dB	±5.0 dB	±5.0 dB
Uses	For IEC 61000-4-6 CS conducted immunity testing	For ISO 11452-4 BCI high-current testing	For IEC 61000-4-3 RS radiated immunity testing
Dimensions (W x H x D)	48 × 17.8 × 55 cm (4U)	48 × 22.5 × 55 cm (5U)	48 × 17.8 × 55 cm (4U)	48 × 22.5 × 55 cm (5U)	48 × 22.5 × 55 cm (5U)
Weight	20 kg	30 kg	25 kg	30 kg	30 kg
Out-of-band noise	-50 dBc				-60 dBc
Harmonics @ P1dB	-15 dBc (maximum)
Input Signal	0 dBm (maximum)
Input Standing Wave Ratio	2:1 (maximum)
Input/Output Impedance	50 ohms
Supported Modulation Schemes	AM, FM, PM, ODFM
Maximum Input power	0 dBm
Standing Wave Protection	5:1 (Typ)
Input power supply voltage	100–240 VAC, 50 Hz/60 Hz
Input Interface	N-Type Female Connector
Output Interface	N-Type Female Connector
Forward and Reverse Coupling Interfaces	Type N Female Connector (typical coupling coefficient of 50 dB)
Cooling Method	Stand-alone Air-Cooled
Control Port	GPIB, RS-232, LAN

2. Precautions for Use

2.1 Safety Standards for Setup and Installation

2.1.1 Environmental Requirements

Avoid exposure to water: Do not expose the machine to rain or environments where it may come into contact with water or other liquids, as this may result in a fire or electric shock.

Avoid Damp and Dusty Environments: Do not place the machine in damp or dusty areas, in direct sunlight, near heat-generating appliances, or in areas where cooking fumes or steam are present.

Keep the ventilation unobstructed: Do not block the ventilation openings. If the ventilation openings are blocked, heat will build up inside the device, which could cause a fire.

2.1.2 Power Supply Safety

Use the Specified Power Supply Voltage: Please use the voltage range indicated on the unit (220 VAC ± 20 V). Using a voltage outside the specified range may result in fire or electric shock.

Protect the power cord: Do not scratch, cut, or twist the power cord; keep the power cord away from hot objects; and do not place heavy objects on the power cord.

Do Not Operate with Wet Hands: Do not touch the power plug with wet hands, as this may result in electric shock.

2.1.3 Radio Frequency Safety

Do Not Operate with an Open Circuit: The RF output port must be connected to a matched load or an attenuator; under no circumstances should the device be powered on with an open circuit.

Operation outside the specified frequency range is strictly prohibited: The equipment must be used within its rated operating frequency range; operation outside this range can easily cause damage to the power amplifier components.

Input power Limit: Excessive signal input is strictly prohibited; Input power must not exceed the rated maximum of 0 dBm, otherwise the power amplifier may be damaged.

2.2 Safety Guidelines for Use

2.2.1 Pre-Startup Checks

Check that the power connections are correct; verify that the chassis ground is properly connected; ensure that an attenuator or load is connected to the amplifier’s output; confirm that the input signal source is turned off or set to the minimum output level.

2.2.2 Handling Exceptional Situations

If you notice any of the following abnormalities during use, immediately disconnect the power and contact our company. Continued use may result in a fire or electric shock: if the machine emits smoke or a strange odor; If water or foreign objects have entered the unit; if the unit has been dropped or the outer casing is damaged; if the power cord is damaged (e.g., exposed wires or broken strands); or if the device malfunctions and cannot be restored to normal operation.

2.2.3 Prohibition on Internal Operations

Do not open the machine or modify it. The machine contains high-voltage components; opening the outer cover or modifying the machine may result in fire or electric shock. All repairs and internal modifications must be performed by qualified professionals; do not place containers holding liquids or small metal objects on top of the machine; do not allow foreign objects, such as metal items or flammable materials, to be inserted into the machine’s ventilation openings.

3. Equipment Overview

3.1 Front Panel Description

See Figure 3-1.

Number	Note
① Power Switch	Red light on: Indicates that 220V power is connected and the device is in standby mode. Green light on: Indicates that the device is in operating mode.
② Operating Status Indicator Light	Work-status light: When lit, the device is in normal operating mode. Alert-status light: When lit, the device is in protection mode (over-temperature, standing wave ratio (SWR) exceeded, over-excitation, etc.). Internal-signal light: When lit, the device is using the built-in signal source; A dark indicator means the device is using an external signal source. Continuous-mode indicator: A lit indicator means the device is operating in continuous-wave mode. Pulse-mode indicator: A lit indicator means the device is operating in pulse-wave mode.
③ Touchscreen	No parameters need to be set; the device’s current operating status is displayed. Tap “RF OFF” to toggle between “RF OFF” (radio frequency off) and “RF ON” (radio frequency on).
④	The RF input and output connectors on the front panel have been removed; please refer to the rear panel of the device.

3.2 Back Panel Instructions

See Figure 3-2.

Number	Note
① AC Power Outlet	Connect the device to the correct power source
② Grounding Rod	The equipment’s protective grounding terminal must be reliably grounded.
③RF IN	RF signal input port, N-type female connector, 50Ω impedance. Pay attention to the input signal power range to prevent over- or under-excitation.
④ RF OUT	RF output port, N-type female connector, 50Ω impedance. Ensure proper load matching; do not operate without a load.
⑤FWD	Forward power monitoring port, N-type female connector, typical coupling coefficient of 50 dB
⑥REV	Reverse power monitoring port, N-type female connector, typical coupling coefficient of 50 dB
⑦ RS-232 port	Expand Communication Ports
⑧LAN Port	Connects to a PC for communication; default IP address: [192.168.1.200](192.168.1.200), default port: 5000
⑨GPIB Port	Connects to and communicates with a PC; default address: 12

4. Basic Operating Procedures

Startup Procedure

Verify that all connections are correct; the device enters standby mode, and the red light turns on. Press the power switch to start the device, which then enters operating mode—the green light turns on, and the “Continuous-mode” light illuminates. Wait for the device to complete its self-test (approximately 30 seconds), and verify that the display shows normal operation with no alarm messages.

Signal Input Operations

Turn on the signal source and set the output power to the minimum value (it is recommended to start at -30 dBm); gradually increase the signal source’s output power while monitoring the device’s output power display; slowly adjust to the desired output power—never increase Input power suddenly; monitor the device’s status indicators and alarm messages in real time during operation.

Important Note: When connecting a high-power amplifier to a drive signal source, the power of the drive signal source must be strictly limited; otherwise, the amplifier components may be damaged. The drive power must be gradually increased from a low level until the required output power is achieved.

Shutdown Procedure

Set the signal source’s output power to the minimum, then turn off the signal source; press the power switch on the front panel to put the device into standby mode; wait 2 minutes after the device’s cooling fan stops running before turning off the main power; if the device will not be used for an extended period, unplug the power cord.

5. Programmed Commands

Version: GSMG V6_1 (DW_GD)
No.	Type	Instructions	Response		Explanation/Examples
			Normal	Error
1	Search	READ PROTECT SWITChn	PROTECT SWITCH ONn PROTECT SWITCH OFFn	NAKn	Read the current protection status
2	Settings	SET PROTECT SWITCH: XXn	SET PROTECT SWITCH: ONn SET PROTECT SWITCH: OFFn	NAKn	Protection On (Amplifier Off): SET PROTECT SWITCH: ONn Protection Off (Amplifier On): SET PROTECT SWITCH: OFFn
3	Settings	RESETn	ACKn	NAKn	Reset the power amplifier; if an alarm is present, clear it; the power amplifier can only be turned on if there are no alarms.
4	Search	READ PWRn	PWR: xx.xx dBmn	NAKn	Read Real-Time Power
5	Search	READ SWRn	SWR: x.xx:1n	NAKn	Read Real-Time Standing Wave Ratio
6	Search	READ ETRn	ETR: NO WARNINGn // No excitation alarm ETR: OVER ETRn // Over-excitation alarm	NAKn	Read Real-Time Incentives
7	Search	READ TEMPn	TEMP: +xx.x°Cn	NAKn	Read the real-time temperature
8	Search	READ WARNn	WARN: NO WARNn // No alarm WARN: OVER SWRn // Standing Wave Ratio (SWR) Overlimit Alarm WARN: OVER ETRn // Over-excitation alarm WARN: OVER TEMPn // Overtemperature alarm Module N fault WARN: Mxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx (Note: “x” represents the channel number corresponding to the faulty channel; 0 = normal, 1 = below lower limit, 2 = above upper limit)	NAKn	Read Alarm Status
9	Settings	LINK PCn	ACKn	NAKn	Send this command repeatedly to determine the network connection status.
10	Settings	SET FRQ: xxxxx.x MHz	ACKn	NAKn	Set the frequency. For example, to set 897 MHz: SET FRQ:00897.0MHzn
11	Settings	SET STDPOWER: xx.xx dBmn	ACKn	NAKn	Set the standard power (with the internal signal source enabled); for example, to set the standard power to 40 dBm: SET STDPOWER:40.00 dBm
12	Settings	SET PERIOD: xxxxusn	ACKn	NAKn	Set the period (pulse amplifier); for example, to set the pulse period to 800 us: SET PERIOD:0800usn
13	Settings	SET DUTYRATIO: xx.xx%n	ACKn	NAKn	Set the duty cycle (pulse amplifier); for example, to set the pulse duty cycle to 1 percent: SET DUTYRATIO:01.00%n
14	Settings	SET IP: xxx.xxx.xxx.xxxn	ACKn	NAKn	For example, to set the IP address of this machine to 192.168.1.200: SET IP:192.168.001.200n
15	Settings	SET MAC: XX-XX-XX-XX-XX-XXn	ACKn	NAKn	Set the device’s MAC address; for example, set it to 08-14-28-39-55-60: SET MAC:08-14-28-39-55-60n
16	Settings	SET SUB: xxx.xxx.xxx.xxxn	ACKn	NAKn	Set the subnet mask for this machine, for example: SET SUB:255.255.255.000n
17	Settings	SET GW: xxx.xxx.xxx.xxxn	ACKn	NAKn	Set the local gateway, for example: SET GW:192.168.001.001n
18	Settings	SET PORT: xxxxn	ACKn	NAKn	Set the client’s port number, for example: SET PORT:5000n
19	Search	READ CLIENT IPn	CLIENT IP: 000.000.000.000n	NAKn	Read the local IP address
20	Search	READ CLIENT MACn	CLIENT MAC:00-00-00-00-00-00n	NAKn	Read the local physical address
21	Search	READ CLIENT SUBn	CLIENT SUB:000.000.000.000n	NAKn	Read the local subnet mask
22	Search	READ CLIENT GWn	CLIENT GW:000.000.000.000n	NAKn	Read the local gateway
23	Search	READ CLIENT PORTn	CLIENT PORT:0000n	NAKn	Read Client PORT
24	Settings	SET SOURCE: EXTERNALn // External signal source SET SOURCE: INTERNALn // Internal signal source	ACKn	NAKn	Set the Signal Source (for amplifiers that support switching between internal and external signals): Internal or External
25	Settings	SET MODE: AVGn // Continuous wave SET MODE: PEKn // Pulsed wave	ACKn	NAKn	Operation Mode (for amplifiers that support continuous-pulse operation): Continuous Wave or Pulsed Wave
26	Search	READ SOURCEn	SOURCE: INTERNALn // Internal signal source SOURCE: EXTERNALn // External signal source	NAKn	Signal Source: Internal or External
27	Search	READ MODEn	MODE: AVGn // Continuous Wave MODE: PEKn // Pulsed Wave	NAKn	Reading Mode: Continuous Wave or Pulsed Wave
28	Search	READ FRQn	FRQ: xxxx.xMHzn	NAKn	Read Frequency
29	Search	READ STDPOWERn	STDPOWER: xx.xx dBmn	NAKn	Read Standard Power
30	Search	READ PERIODn	PERIOD: xxxxusn	NAKn	Read Cycle
31	Search	READ DUTY RATIO	DUTYRATIO: xx.xx%n	NAKn	Read the duty cycle
32	Search	READ SCOPE FRQn	FRQ SCOPE: xxxx–xxxx MHz	NAKn	Reading Frequency Range
33	Search	READ SCOPE STDPOWERn	STDPOWER SCOPE: xx-xx dBmn	NAKn	Read the standard power range
34	Search	READ SCOPE PERIODn	PERIOD SCOPE: xxxx-xxxxusn	NAKn	Read Cycle Range
35	Search	READ SCOPE DUTY RATIO	DUTY RATIO SCOPE: xx.xx–xx.xx%n	NAKn	Read the duty cycle range
36	Search	DEBUG READ POSITIVE VOLTAGE n	VOL_POS: x.xxxVn	NAKn	Debug: Read the forward voltage value
37	Search	DEBUG READ NEGATIVE VOLTAGE	VOL_NEG: x.xxxVn	NAKn	Debug: Read reverse voltage value
38	Search	*IDN? n	xxxn	NAKn	Check the Machine Serial Number
39	Search	READ RPWRn	RPWR: xx.xx dBmn	NAKn	Read Real-Time Reverse Power
40	Search	READ KBn			Read the current forward and reverse KB values
41	Search	READ SOFTWARE VERSIONn	vX. X. XXn		Read the slave device software version number
42	Search	READ ERR SCOPEn	ERR SCOPE: X. XXXXXX		Permissible Range for Power Output Error
43	Search	READ NEG GATE_VALn	SWR GATE_VAL: X. XXXXXX		Read the reverse voltage threshold
44	Search	Read_RTC_Timen	Current_RTC_Time: November 27, 2018, 10:55		Read Internal Time (Only amplifiers with an internal clock support this command)
Note:
Ethernet Devices: The Ethernet port uses the TCP/IP protocol. The power amplifier acts as the server, with a default IP address of 192.168.1.200:5000 . Serial devices: Serial port parameters—baud rate 9600, 8 data bits, 1 start bit, 1 stop bit, no parity.

6. Daily Maintenance and Care of Equipment

Routine Checkup Items

6.1.1 Daily Pre-Use Inspection

Inspect the power cord for damage or signs of aging; check that the RF connectors are clean and securely connected; check for dust buildup in the equipment’s ventilation openings; verify that the ground connection is secure; after turning on the power, check that the equipment’s self-test runs normally and that there are no alarms.

Weekly Routine Inspection

Clean dust from the surface of the equipment to keep it looking neat; check that the cooling fan is operating normally and listen for any unusual noises; inspect all connectors for looseness or oxidation; verify that all equipment parameters are displayed correctly.

Cleaning and Maintenance

6.2.1 Cleaning the Housing

Turn off the device and unplug the power cord; wipe the device’s exterior with a clean, soft, dry cloth; for stubborn stains, dampen a cloth with a small amount of neutral detergent, wipe the area, and then dry it with a dry cloth; never use organic solvents such as alcohol or gasoline to clean the device’s surface; never allow liquids to enter the device.

Cleaning the Cooling System

Clean the cooling air ducts and fans once every 3 months; use dry compressed air (at a pressure not exceeding 0.5 MPa) to blow into the cooling air intake and remove dust; take care not to damage the fan blades during cleaning; if the fan makes unusual noises or spins at an abnormal speed, contact customer service promptly to have it replaced.

RF Connector Maintenance

Inspect the RF connectors regularly and keep them clean and dry. If the connectors are dirty, gently wipe the contact surfaces with a cotton swab dipped in anhydrous alcohol. When inserting or removing the RF connectors, align them vertically to avoid damaging the threads by inserting them at an angle. Apply moderate force when tightening the connectors to avoid damaging them by over-tightening.

6.3 Storage and Long-Term Preservation

Storage Requirements

The equipment should be stored in a dry, well-ventilated, dust-free environment; storage temperature: -10°C to +50°C; storage humidity: ≤80% RH, no condensation; the equipment should be kept in its original packaging or a dust cover; all RF interfaces should be fitted with protective caps to prevent dust from entering.

Long-Term Storage and Maintenance

When the equipment is stored for an extended period (more than 3 months), it should be powered on once a month; each time it is powered on, it should remain in standby mode for at least 30 minutes to remove internal moisture; periodically inspect the exterior of the equipment for any abnormalities during storage.

6.4 Calibration Interval Requirements

To ensure the measurement accuracy and operational reliability of the equipment, it is recommended that it be sent periodically to a qualified third-party metrology organization for calibration. The recommended calibration interval is 12 months. Users may determine the specific calibration interval based on frequency of use, environmental conditions, and quality system requirements.

7. Troubleshooting and Resolving Common Problems

Fault Symptoms	Possible Causes	Procedure
No RF output	Protection function triggered, abnormal input signal, no load connected to RF output	Check to see if the “Alert-status” light is on; try again after troubleshooting. Check whether the signal source is functioning properly, whether the input RF cable is securely connected, and whether the input power is within the normal range. Try again after correctly connecting the matching load.
Output power is too low	Insufficient Input power, poor contact at the input connector, reduced gain, operating frequency outside the bandwidth, or excessive temperature causing power reduction	Increase the signal source’s output power; retighten the RF connectors and clean the contact surfaces; if the equipment is aging or component performance has deteriorated, contact the manufacturer for calibration and repair; verify that the operating frequency is within the equipment’s rated frequency range; check that heat dissipation is functioning properly and clean dust from the air vents.
Over-Excitation Alarm (OVER ETR)	The input power exceeds the maximum value allowed by the device.	Immediately reduce the signal source’s output power, verify that Input power does not exceed 0 dBm, and then slowly increase Input power from low to high.
Standing Wave Ratio (SWR) Alarm (OVER SWR)	Output load mismatch, excessive reflected power	Check whether the output load is connected; check whether the RF cable is damaged; check whether the load is damaged; check whether the standing wave ratio exceeds the specified limit; and verify that the load impedance is 50Ω.
Over-Temperature Alarm (OVER TEMP)	The internal temperature of the device has exceeded the protection threshold	Immediately stop high-power output, allow the device to cool down under no-load conditions, check whether the cooling fan is operating normally and whether the cooling vents are clogged with dust, verify that the ambient temperature is not too high, and ensure there is sufficient space around the device for heat dissipation. Once the temperature returns to normal, the system will automatically resume operation or you can manually reset it.